Everything about Long Run totally explained
In
economic models, the
long-run time frame assumes no fixed
factors of production.
Firms can enter or leave the
marketplace, and the cost (and availability) of
land,
labor,
raw materials, and
capital goods can be assumed to vary. In contrast, in the
short-run time frame, certain factors are assumed to be fixed, because there isn't sufficient time for them to change. This is related to the
long run average cost (LRAC) curve, an important factor in
microeconomic models.
A generic firm can make these changes in the long-run:
- Enter an industry
- Increase its plant
- Decrease its plant
- Leave an industry
Long run marginal cost (
LRMC) refers to the cost of providing an additional unit of
service or
commodity under assumption that this requires investment in capacity expansion. LRMC pricing is appropriate for best
resource allocation, but may lead to a mismatch between operating costs and revenues.
In
macroeconomic models, the long run assumes full factor mobility between economic
sectors, and often assumes full
capital mobility between nations.
The concept of
long run cost is used in cost-volume-profit analysis and product mix analysis.
A famous use of the phrase was by
John Maynard Keynes, who said in dry humor, "In the long run, we're all dead."
Further Information
Get more info on 'Long Run'.
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